CST Editorial Board
Kim Akass (Managing Editor CSTonline), Sarah Cardwell (Book Review Editor), Simone Knox (ECREA Editor), Stephen Lacey, Janet McCabe (Managing Editor) and Elke Weissmann (ECREA Editor)

Assistant Book Review Editor
Rebecca Williams (University of Glamorgan)

CSTonline Assistants
Lisa Kelly (University of Glasgow) and Debra Ramsay (Independent Scholar)

Corresponding Editors
Stacey Abbott (University of Roehampton), Jonathan Bignell (University of Reading), Michele Byers (Saint Mary’s), John Corner (Liverpool University), Glen Creeber (Aberystwyth University), Lynne Edwards (Ursinus College), John Ellis (Royal Holloway, University of London), Jane Feuer (University of Pittsburgh), Christine Geraghty (University of Glasgow), Julia Hallam (University of Liverpool), Dana Heller (Old Dominion University), Matt Hills (Aberystwyth University), Su Holmes (University of East Anglia), Jason Jacobs (The University of Queensland), Deborah Jermyn (University of Roehampton), Catherine Johnson (University of Nottingham), Geoff Lealand (University of Waikato), Karen Lury (University of Glasgow), Ruth McElroy (University of Glamorgan), Tara McPherson (University of Southern California), Máire Messenger Davies (University of Ulster), Brett Mills (University of East Anglia), Albert Moran, Roberta Pearson (University of Nottingham), Sue Turnbull (University of Wollongong), Helen Wheatley (Warwick University), Helen Wood (De Montford University), Barbara Villez (University Paris 8)

US Advisory Board:
Gary R. Edgerton (Old Dominion University), Michele Hilmes (University of Wisconsin-Madison), Toby Miller (University of California, Riverside) and Robert Thompson (Syracuse University)

Founding Editors:
Kim Akass (University of Hertfordshire), Stephen Lacey (University of Glamorgan), David Lavery (Middle Tennessee State University), Janet McCabe (Birkbeck, University of London), Robin Nelson (Central School of Speech and Drama, University of London), Rhonda V. Wilcox (Gordon College)

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Notes for contributors

Guidelines on preparing and submitting an article for Critical Studies in Television

• These guidelines are intended to help you and us; the better prepared the article is the more efficiently it will pass through the production process.
• Please pay particular attention to the ‘Notes and references’ section.
• Please make sure that the style you use is consistent throughout the article and is compatible with the rest of the journal.

Submission of manuscripts

• Submission must be electronic.
• 5000–8000 words (without endnotes).
• Times/Times New Roman.
• Font size: 12.
• Double line spaced, non-justified.
• New paragraphs should be indented and closed up (no spaces between paragraphs).
• Pages should be numbered in the top right-hand corner, and the last page labelled ‘LAST’.
• Proposed contributions should be e-mailed in the first instance to the CST Administrator at JanetandKim@hotmail.com. Included with the article should be:
• name and full contact details (including email address).
• abstract (100 words plus between 3 and 6 selected key words for use on search engines when the journal goes online).
  

Journal style points

• UK punctuation throughout article.
• UK spelling consistently throughout article but retain American spelling in American proper names, such as Pearl Harbor.
• Use single spaces after all punctuation. Initials should also be spaced, A. J. Smith not A.J. Smith (NB, i.e. and e.g. are exceptions); space after the point in the following contractions: ed., p., pp., ch., vol., etc.
• Maximum capitalisation is used on all headings and titles of published works within the text and the notes, e.g. ‘TV Drama In Transition’.
• Page numbers are elided: 4–7, 8–13, 16–18 (not 16–8), 20–7, 34–76, 104–6, 136–42. Use an en rule if possible between number spans
• Dates are written in full: 31 January 1678.
• Years are elided to two digits: 1674–89, 1674–77, 1674–1723.
• Ibid., after references that cite the title previously mentioned; do not use idem, loc. cit. or op. cit.
• Apostrophe: Thomas’s, Jones’s, but Moses’, Bridges’, i.e. when the word ending is pronounced ‘iz’, use an apostrophe only.

Quotations

• Quotation extracts should be indented, with one line space above and below, with no quotation marks unless it’s direct speech. The extract source should run on from last line of extract in parentheses immediately after closing full point OR should be footnoted.
• Use three dots with a space either side … to indicate material missing within a quote (but NOT at the beginning of a quote). Use four dots to indicate material missing at the end of a sentence ….
• Use single quote marks for quotations integrated within the text, and double quote marks for quotes within these quotes.

Numbers

• Spell out numbers below 100, use digits for numbers over 100.
• Exceptions to this: for numbers in a mixed sequence (i.e. under and over 100) use digits; numbers giving exact measurements or units of measurements such as 7 kg, 15.8 mm; 5.00 p.m. (but five o’clock); phrases involving hundreds, thousands, millions, etc. should be written; where round numbers are given (e.g. two hundred, fifteen thousand) they should be written.
• Units of measurement: no ‘s’ to appear in plural (5 kg not 5 kgs). If pre-decimal currency is used, follow this style: £5 15s 6d.
• Always put a number on either side of a decimal point, e.g., 0.6 (not .6).

Abbreviations/punctuation/spacing

• Uncommon abbreviations should be avoided, or explained at their first occurrence.
• Idem, loc. cit., op. cit. should not be used.
• ‘&’ may be used for names of companies, institutions, etc. (Faber & Faber). Otherwise use ‘and’.
• cf. (roman, not italic): note that cf. means ‘compare’, not ‘see’.
• fos for ‘folios’, not ff. which means ‘following’.
• ll. (‘lines’) should be avoided as it can be confused with roman numeral II or arabic 11: spell out instead.
• per cent (not percent): use % only in tables.
• v. not vs. (roman, not italic).
• Use full points after abbreviations (e.g., i.e., etc., ibid., v., Ph.D., vol., p.m., Prof., Rev., ed.) except per cent (two words).
• Do not use a full point in the following cases: after units of measurement (kg, mm, cm); contractions (vols, eds, Dr, Mrs, Mr, Ltd, i.e. where first and last letters are given) except no. (number); initials (BBC, DNA, GMT, NATO, USA, ICI, TV), except name initials which should also be spaced (T. S. Eliot).
• No apostrophe with common abbreviations (phone, bus, pram, etc.).

Italic/bold

• Use italic for titles of publications (except series), including journals and books (except the Bible, the Koran, etc.), and for TV programmes, videos, films, plays, radio programmes and titled musical works (but use roman for Symphony no. 5 in C minor, etc.).
• Use italic for titles of long poems (e.g., Four Quartets), but roman enclosed in quotation marks for short poems.
• Use italic for titles of paintings and sculpture, names of ships; species and varieties; foreign terms and phrases (except anglicised terms, such as ‘elite’, ‘role’, ‘naive’, which should appear without accents, and except for those phrases which are quotations); names of parties in legal cases (but leave the v. in roman, e.g. Churchill v. Wilson); directions to the reader and stage directions, such as see also and above; ibid., et al., c. (NB do not use ca.), but via, vice versa, i.e., e.g. are roman.
• As a general rule, avoid using bold type – headings will be marked up later and should be in roman (use different typesizes to distinguish different levels of heading); if emphasis is required, italic is preferred.

Job titles/affiliations/subjects

• the King (referring to a specific individual), but a king.
• Member of Parliament.
• the President, but a president, presidential (NB for Vice-President and other compound titles, capitalise both initials).
• the Prime Minister, but a prime minister.
• the Professor of Political Science, but a professor of political science.

Institutions/organisations/places

• the Church (institution) but the church (building).
• the Crown (meaning the monarchy).
• the Government (specific) but the government (general).
• House of Commons/Lords (always initial caps) and also the House.
• Liberal (use cap. only for Liberal Party or party member) and also applies to Conservative, Labour, Communist, etc.
• Northern Ireland, but northern England.
• the Parliament but parliamentary.
• the Senate (always cap.).
• the State (when referring to political communities).
• the West, Western Europe, etc., but western England.

Note on bias/gender/racial and ethnic groups

• Avoid using terms and phrases which express gender, racial or other bias, examples are: humanity or humankind, not mankind; workers or workforce, not workmen; chairperson or chair, not chairman; artisan or craftsperson, not craftsman; firefighters not firemen; manufactured, not manmade; ancestors, not forefathers; senior citizens or the elderly, not old people; person with a disability or differently abled person, not cripple or handicapped/ retarded/disabled person.
• Use ‘he or she’, ‘her or him’ (note alphabetical order); do not refer to objects or places (such as ships and countries as ‘she’: use ‘it’).
• Be specific and accurate when referring to a racial, ethnic or national group.
• The word aborigine signifies the original inhabitants of any country; for native Australians use Aborigine with a capital A.
• Afro-Caribbean, African or black African etc., are preferable.
• Asian covers the whole of Asia, not just India and Pakistan: be more specific if possible.
• Avoid ‘coloured people’: specify racial/ethnic origin.
• Eskimo: use Inuit instead.
• Europe includes East Europe and cannot be substituted for West Europe or European Community.
• Use Native American or Native Canadian, not Indian (which signifies a native of India) or Red Indian.
• North America: remember this includes Canada and Mexico; use United States if this is what is meant.
• Use ‘in Britain’ or ‘in France’ not ‘at home’.

Notes and references

General

• The journal uses end notes rather than footnotes. All references should have an end note and be numbered consecutively throughout the article.
• The notes at the end of the article should mention all the publications cited in the text.
• Where a single edition or text is referred to continually throughout the article, full reference should be given to the first citation in a note, followed by ‘All subsequent quotations are taken from this edition. Page/canto/stanza/line/act/scene (as appropriate) numbers will follow in brackets’.
• Please use the short-title system as shown below. Please make sure that the style you use is consistent throughout the notes section at the end of your article, and that all source material is included. The titles of books and journals should be in italics. If the author’s initials are used instead of their full first name, please make sure this style is carried through to all entries, and vice versa.
• With regard to the note number system, numbers should be in arabic superscript¹ within the text and full size arabic numbers 1 in the notes, with no punctuation after the note number.
• Unpublished books, theses and dissertations should be in roman in quotes: type, place and date should be given, e.g. ‘Ph.D. dissertation, University of Manchester, 1999.’
• Archival sources should use the following order: place, reference no. of document, status of document, author, title, date, page no. For example:
  Public Record Office, London (hereafter PRO), T235/134, MAC (52) 153, memo by C. Cottrell, ‘Money’, 6 August 1952, p. 2.
• Newspaper articles and magazine titles: do not include the The in references (The should only be used for The Times). For example:
  J. Smith, ‘The Prime Minister on the Defensive’, Guardian, 6 September 1989, 7–19.
• Unless published (in which case treat like a chapter from a book), conference papers should give the name of the organising body, the title of the conference and the date given.
• Titles of individual manuscripts should be in roman in quotes.
• Titles of manuscript collections should be in roman without quotes, and the citation should contain the name of the depository and a full reference following the usage of the depository concerned, e.g. British Library, Additional MS 2787.
• Parts of the references may be abbreviated, provided that the abbreviation is explained or selfexplanatory: e.g. ULC Add. 3963.28: the full reference should always be given at the first occurrence.
• Government and official sources: ensure the correct use of C, Cd, Cmd, Cmnd and Cm, as these refer to different series: 1–4222 1833–69; C 1–9550 1870–99; Cd 1–9239 1900–18;Cmd 1–9889 1919–56; Cmnd 1–9927 1956–86; Cm 1– 1986–. Note that Hansard documents are numbered by column rather than page; use the correct abbreviations (vol., vols, col., cols) before the appropriate numbers.

Books

• Book titles: maximum capitalisation, no quotation marks, italic.
• Chapter titles: maximum capitalisation, not italic, in single quotation marks.
• For all book references, give both place and date.
• Give full details of the publication the first time it occurs, and on second and further references cite only the author’s surname and short form of title, and page reference.
• Abbreviations to be used: (ed.), (eds), fo. and fos or fol. and fos, p., pp., r and v for recto and verso on the line with no full point.
• Author, title, publisher, date of publication, page references. For example:
  J. A. Chartres, Irish Literature, Oxford University Press, 1984, pp. 112–19.
  S. Butler, ‘Internal Trade in England, 1560–80’, in J. V. Smith (ed.), Trade in the Sixteenth Century, Ithaca, 1977, pp. 26–9.
  W. Shakespeare, Hamlet, ed. J. Wilders, Cambridge University Press, 1995, p. 4.
  Chartres, Irish Literature, pp. 104–9.
  Butler, ‘Internal Trade’, pp. 78–89.
  Ibid., p. 56

Journals

• Journal titles: always in full at first occurrence, maximum capitalisation, in italics.
• Article titles: maximum capitalisation, not in italics, in single quotation marks.
• Give volume number either in arabic or roman numerals (but once this style is chosen it must be adhered to for every journal); part or issue number (only necessary if each issue is paginated individually) separated by a colon (vol., no., p. not necessary); parenthesis round the year.
• Author, ‘name of article’, journal, volume:issue, year published, page references. For example:
  J. A. Chartres, ‘Irish Literature’, New Literary History, 3:6, 1984, 112–19.
  S. Butler, ‘Internal Trade in England, 1560–80’, Economic History Review, 4:2, 1995, 104–6.
  Chartres, ‘Irish Literature’, 98.

Black and white half-tones and line drawings

• Inclusion of illustrations is only possible with the prior agreement of the Editors and Publishers.
• For illustrations you must supply one of the following:
  1) an original that we can scan and reproduce. This is always the preferred option. Black and white originals should be supplied as glossy black and white prints such as those rented from photo libraries. We can also accept transparencies, slides, original photographs, etc. Line drawings should be supplied as bromides, black and white prints or finished artwork.
  2) a non-half-tone image that can be redrawn. For example simple maps, bar charts, line graphs, etc. can be included in your manuscript (done in Word or enclosed as photocopies for example) and can be redrawn by our typesetter.
  3) if you are unable to send us an original (e.g. if it cannot leave the country) but you are able to scan it yourself and send us the scan, you must ensure that the scan is preferably black and white, has a resolution of 300 dpi and is of a reasonable size and clarity. (A scan of a terrible original will merely result in a terrible scan). Please apply this same criteria to any jpegs, TIFFs etc, which you may wish to include. Feel free to email images to me at greg.thorpe@manchester.ac.uk and I will advise on their suitability. Non-original images can only be run at our discretion so please make finding originals a priority. Bear in mind that images pulled off the Internet are rarely usable and difficult to get copyright for. A print-out from a scan is not acceptable. It is understood that originals incur rental fees so they will be scanned and returned promptly.
• You must supply a photocopy or printout of each illustration. All originals must be numbered as Fig 1, 2 etc. (including slides and transparencies); please use a small sticker on the back of the illustration (don’t use post-it notes on the front as they can easily be lost and can leave a mark; avoid writing on the back of prints). If an illustration actually consists of more than one picture, put the number in brackets (e.g. Fig. 1 (a–c)). Photocopies must be numbered identically to the originals (just write the number on the front of the photocopy).
• If you wish to provide guidance on the relative importance of the illustrations, please indicate this on the photocopy e.g. ‘full-page’, half-page’, etc. and give any relevant information, e.g. importance of detail or cropping.
• Please include, on a separate sheet, a list of your illustrations (Fig 1, 2 etc.), a corresponding list of captions and a credit/permission line for each image. All permissions should be cleared before submission of the typescript.

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